While it might seem a bit taxing to provide all this documentation, it benefits you in the end, as you won’t end up with a monthly mortgage payment that you can’t afford.
But before we get too deep in the weeds, let’s discuss what asset statements are and what verification of your income and assets entails.
What Is An Asset Statement?
Asset statements are documentation of your net worth and assets. When you apply for a mortgage, you will need to verify that you own certain types of assets and your sources of personal wealth. You’ll submit a collection of statements detailing your asset portfolio to your lender in order to do so.
It’s important for a mortgage lender to be able to review your asset statements so they can know for certain that you won’t be burdened with a mortgage you can’t afford. Asset statements are meant to provide a comprehensive look at your finances, so not only will your prospective lender feel more confident that you’ll be able to afford your mortgage payments, but they’ll also make sure the mortgage you’re approved for is the right one for your financial goals.
What Types Of Assets Should Be Reported On Your Mortgage Application?
Let’s discuss some of the types of verifications that will need to be made via asset statements as you enter the mortgage application process.
Liquid Assets
Mortgage lenders will want to verify that you have the means to pay the principal, interest, taxes, and insurance on your mortgage. This capability is determined by items you own that have value, like savings accounts, checking accounts, stocks, etc. When these assets have a cash value or are easily converted into cash, they’re known as “liquid assets.”
Lenders want to confirm that enough of your assets are liquid in case of a financial emergency that leaves you unable to keep up with your mortgage payments. When life throws you curveballs that reduce your income (loss of a job, medical emergency, etc.), your liquid assets are there to help you pay your bills.
Cash in your savings and checking accounts need to be “seasoned.” This means that it has been in your checking or savings account for a considerable time (at least 2 months).
Most experts suggest having 6 months of your current income in cash/liquid assets to cover an unforeseen financial issue. This ensures that you have a way to continue your mortgage payments should something happen to your main source of income.
Non-Liquid Assets
In addition to documenting your liquid assets, you can also submit proof of non-liquid assets or assets that are harder to convert to cash like cars, self-owned businesses, and any other item of material value like artwork or jewelry. Some physical non-liquid assets are referred to as “fixed assets,” meaning they can take longer to convert into cash and may experience a change in value from the time they were originally purchased, like antique furniture and some types of real estate property.
While these assets may be harder to liquidate in an emergency, it can still be valuable to lenders to be aware of your asset portfolio as a whole.
Gift Funds
If you receive money as a gift from a loved one to be put toward closing costs or your down payment, it counts as an asset in the eyes of a mortgage lender, and it’s important to verify its source during the application process. To use your money safely without putting your mortgage approval at risk, provide a bank statement showing a deposit of the funds into your account as well as a bank statement from the gift giver showing that the funds had previously been housed in a legitimate account.
What Is A Verification Of Income And How Does It Relate To Asset Verification?
While your income technically isn’t an asset, it still plays an important role in the financial reporting component of your mortgage application. When a mortgage lender requests verification of your income, they’re checking to see if you have the means to make your mortgage payments each month. You wouldn’t borrow more than you have the means to pay back, and your monthly mortgage payments are no exception. That’s why your mortgage lender will request this information – it’s a way of making sure you’re able to finance your mortgage payments.
In order to confirm your income, a mortgage lender will request a few documents. A good way to remember the documentation you’ll need is to remember the 2-2-2 rule:
- 2 years of W-2s
- 2 years of tax returns (federal and state)
- Your two most recent pay stubs
Additionally, you should have recorded at the ready your most recent checking account statements, current savings account statements, monthly debt obligations, and statements from any other loans you may have (personal, student, auto, etc.) and your most recent credit card statements.
How To Get Asset Statements
In many instances, the documents you’ll need to verify your assets and income – checking and savings account statements, retirement account statements, brokerage statements, and W2s, for example – can be easily requested from your bank, your broker, or your employer.
However, for any non-liquid assets you own, you’ll likely need to provide documentation from when you first purchased it or certificates of ownership in order to have them be considered a legitimate part of your asset portfolio. For any gift funds you decide to use toward buying a home, you’ll need a gift letter verifying its origins and making it clear that the money isn’t a loan that the prospective borrower will eventually have to pay back.
Tips For Success When Preparing Asset Statements
As you compile your asset statements to prepare for your mortgage lender’s review, there are some missteps you ought to avoid to maximize your chances of getting approved. Here are a few tips for prospective borrowers before you begin the process of verifying your assets.
Be Careful To Avoid Overdrafts In The Months Leading Up To Applying
Since you’ll be providing your lender with a look into your checking and savings accounts, it’s crucial that your bank statements don’t reflect a pattern of your bank having to charge overdraft fees. If you’ve had multiple occasions when your account has become overdrawn, that’s likely to be interpreted by a potential lender as a red flag, and it could jeopardize your chances of getting approved.
Be Careful With Making Cash Deposits Before And During Verification
As mentioned above, cash needs to have been deposited in your account a while before your mortgage application process begins in order to demonstrate your ability to save money. However, those cash deposits also need to be verifiable for them to be taken into consideration by the lender as part of your assets.
While you’re preparing to apply for a mortgage, it might be wise to shift away from some of your cash-centered money habits and place greater focus on contributing to the assets that can be accounted for as part of your mortgage application. Only withdraw cash as needed, deposit checks directly into your bank account rather than cashing them and make it a priority to present yourself as the most financially stable and responsible applicant possible.
Be Careful Moving Money Around During Verification
If your lender has already started reviewing all of your asset statements, avoid making any major fund shifts between your bank accounts until the review is complete. In many cases, transferring money around in the middle of the verification process can result in the underwriter having to start the process over, which can delay your approval for a mortgage.
The Bottom Line
Verifying your assets is a vital part of getting approved for a mortgage. As you prepare to start your home buying journey, make sure your finances are in order and create a list of every asset statement you’ll need to compile ahead of time. The more organized you are with your documentation and the more responsible you are with your asset portfolio, the smoother your interactions with your prospective mortgage lender will be.
Confused about other aspects of the mortgage application process? Here are 20 mortgage questions to ask your lender!
Image by Arek Socha from Pixabay
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